Course of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated disease (MOGAD) – a cohort of patients

Česká verze

Authors: P. Hanáková ^1,2; P. Danhofer ¹; M. Dufek ²; J. Šenkyřík ³; M. Komínek ⁴; P. Dominik ⁵; H. Ošlejšková ¹
Authors place of work: Klinika dětské neurologie LF MU a FN Brno ¹; I. neurologická klinika LF MU a FN u sv. Anny, Brno ²; Klinika radiologie a nukleární medicíny LF MU a FN Brno ³; Dětská oční klinika LF MU a FN Brno ⁴; Klinika dětské anesteziologie a resuscitace LF MU a FN Brno ⁵
Published in the journal: Cesk Slov Neurol N 2024; 87(2): 122-131
Category: Původní práce
doi: https://doi.org/10.48095/cccsnn2024122

Summary

The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) and to provide our own practical experience with the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. We present a series of seven patients followed prospectively in our department from 1/2018 to 2/2023. Average age of children at the time of diagnosis was 11.4 ± 2.8 years. All patients fulfilled the MOGAD diagnostic criteria at the time. We present the individual cases and highlight the nature of the course of the disease and the pitfalls of treatment. We discuss acute and chronic therapy and point out the need for further prospective studies in children with MOGAD.

Keywords:

plasmapheresis – optic neuritis – myelitis – myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoimmune demyelinating disorders – CNS

Zdroje

1. Bruijstens AL, Lechner Ch, Flet-Berliac L et al. E.U. paediatric MOG consortium consensus: part 1 – classification of clinical phenotypes of paediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2020; 29: 2–13. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2020.10.006.

2. Lana-Peixoto MA, Talim N. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and anti-MOG syndromes. Biomedicines 2019; 7 (2): 42. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines7020042.

3. Banwell B, Bennett JL, Marignier R et al. Diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: international MOGAD panel proposed criteria. Lancet Neurol 2023; 22 (3): 268–282. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422 (22) 00431-8.

4. Borisow N, Mori M, Kuwabara S et al. Diagnosis and treatment of NMO spectrum disorder and MOG-encephalomyelitis. Front Neurol 2018; 9: 888. doi: 10.3389/ fneur.2018.00888.

5. Dos Passos GR, Oliveira LM, da Costa BK et al. MOG-IgG--associated optic neuritis, encephalitis, and myelitis: lessons learned from neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Front Neurol 2018; 9: 217. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2018. 00217.

6. Jarius S, Paul F, Aktas O et al. MOG encephalomyelitis: international recommendations on diagnosis and antibody testing. J Neuroinflamm 2018; 15 (1): 134. doi: 10.1186/s12974-018-1144-2.

7. Xiao BG, Linington C, Link H. Antibodies to myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with multiple sclerosis and controls. J Neuroimmunol 1991; 31 (2): 91–96. doi: 10.1016/0165-5728 (91) 90014-x.

8. Lang K, Prüss H. Frequencies of neuronal autoantibodies in healthy controls: estimation of disease specificity. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2017; 4 (5): e386. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000386.

9. Johns TG, Bernard CCA. The structure and function of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein. J Neurochem 1999; 72 (1): 1–9. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0720 001.x.

10. Ratelade J, Zhang H, Saadoun S et al. Neuromyelitis optica IgG and natural killer cells produce NMO lesions in mice without myelin loss. Acta Neuropathol 2012; 123 (6): 861–872. doi: 10.1007/s00401-012-0986-4.

11. Misu T, Fujihara K, Kakita A et al. Loss of aquaporin 4 in lesions of neuromyelitis optica: distinction from multiple sclerosis. Brain J Neurol 2007; 130 (Pt 5): 1224–1234. doi: 10.1093/brain/awm047.

12. Jarius S, Ruprecht K, Kleiter I et al. Mog-IgG in NMO and related disorders: a multicenter study of 50 patients. Part 2: epidemiology, clinical presentation, radiological and laboratory features, treatment responses, and long--term outcome. J Neuroinflamm 2016; 13 (1): 280. doi: 10.1186/s12974-016-0718-0.

13. Jarius S, Ruprecht K, Kleiter I et al. Mog-IgG in NMO and related disorders: a multicenter study of 50 patients. Part 1: frequency, syndrome specifity, influence of disease activity, long-term course, association with AQP4-IgG, and origin. J Neuroinflamm 2016; 13 (1): 279. doi: 10.1186/s12974-016-0717-1.

14. Waters P, Fadda G, Woodhall M et al. Serial anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody analyses and outcomes in children with demyelinating syndromes. JAMA Neurol 2019; 77 (1): 82–93. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.2940.

15. Mol CL, Wong Y, Pelt ED et al. The clinical spectrum and incidence of anti-MOG-associated acquired demyelinating syndromes in children and adults. Mult Scler 2020; 26 (7): 806–814. doi: 10.1177/1352458519845112.

16. Juryńczyk M, Jacob A, Fujihara K et al. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease: practical considerations. Pract Neurol 2019; 19 (3): 187–195. doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2017-001 787.

17. Pandit L, Mustafa S, Nakashima I et al. MOG-IgG-associated disease has a stereotypical clinical course, asymptomatic visual impairment and good treatment response. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2018; 4 (3): 2055217318787829. doi: 10.1177/2055217318787829.

18. Ramanathan S, Mohammad S, Tantsis E et al. Clinical course, therapeutic responses and outcomes in relapsing MOG antibody-associated demyelination. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2018; 89 (2): 127–137. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-316880.

19. Armangue T, Olivé-Cirera G, Martínez-Hernandez E et al. Associations of paediatric demyelinating and encephalitic syndromes with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies: a multicentre observational study. Lancet Neurol 2020; 19 (3): 234–246. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422 (19) 30488-0.

20. Bruijstens AL, Breu M, Wendel EM et al. E.U. paediatric MOG consortium consensus: Part 4 – outcome of paediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2020; 29: 32–40. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2020.10.007.

21. Hacohen Y, Rossor T, Mankad K et al. „Leukodystrophy-like“ phenotype in children with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease. Dev Med Child Neurol 2018; 60 (4): 417–423. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13649.

22. Vaněčková M, Nytrová P. Patologické nálezy na zobrazení pomocí magnetické rezonance u onemocnění asociovaného s pozitivními protilátkami proti myelinovému oligodendrocytárnímu glykoproteinu. Cesk Slov Neurol N 2022; 85/118 (4): 330–335. doi: 10.48095/cccsnn2022330.

23. Sechi E, Krecke KN, Messina SA et al. Comparison of MRI lesion evolution in different central nervous system demyelinating disorders. Neurology 2021; 97 (11): e1097–e1109. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012 467.

24. Chen JJ, Pittock SJ, Flanagan EP et al. Optic neuritis in the era of biomarkers. Surv Ophthalmol 2020; 65 (1): 12–17. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.08.00.

25. Bruijstens AL, Wendel EM, Lechner CH et al. E.U. paediatric MOG consortium consensus: Part 5 – treatment of paediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2020; 29: 41–53. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2020.10.005.

26. Hacohen Y, Wong YY, Lechner C et al. Disease course and treatment responses in children with relapsing myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease. JAMA Neurol 2018; 75 (4): 478–487. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.4601.

27. Kaneko K, Sato DK, Nakashima I et al. CSF cytokine profile in MOG-IgG+ neurological disease is similar to AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD but distinct from MS: a cross--sectional study and potential therapeutic implications. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2018; 89 (9): 927–936. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2018-317969.

28. Kroenke E, Ankar A, Malani S et al. Refractory MOG--associated demyelinating disease in a pediatric patient. Child Neurology Open 2022; 9: 2329048X221079093. doi: 10.1177/2329048X221079093.

29. Shi M, Chu F, Jin T et al. Progress in treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD): novel insights into therapeutic possibilities in NMOSD. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28 (7): 981–991. doi: 10.1111/cns.13 836.

30. Hanáková P, Ošlejšková H, Šenkyřík J et al. Kazuistika pacientky s optickou neuritidou asociovanou s anti-MOG protilátkami. Vox Pediatrie 2020; 20 (1): 33–34.

31. Boekel L, Wolbink GJ. Rituximab during the COVID--19 pandemic: time to discuss treatment options with patients. Lancet Rheumatol 2021; 4 (3): e154–e155. doi: 10.1016/S2665-9913 (21) 00418-5.

32. Durozard P, Rico A, Boutiere C et al. Comparison of the response to rituximab between myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and aquaporin-4 antibody disease. Ann Neurol 2020; 87 (2): 256–266. doi: 10.1002/ana.25648.

33. Wendel EM, Baumann M, Barisic N et al. High association of MOG-IgG antibodies in children with bilateral optic neuritis. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2020; 27: 86–93. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2020.04.002.

34. Eyre M, Hameed A, Wright S et al. Retinal nerve fibre layer thinning is associated with worse visual outcome after optic neuritis in children with a relapsing demyelinating syndrome. Dev Med Child Neurol 2018; 60 (12): 1244–1250. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13757.

35. Magaña SM, Keegan BM, Weinshenker BG et al. Beneficial plasma exchange response in central nervous system inflammatory demyelination. Arch Neurol 2011; 68 (7): 870–878. doi: 10.1001/archneurol.2011.34.

36. Savransky A, Rubstein A, Rios MH et al. Prognostic indicators of improvement with therapeutic plasma Exchange in pediatric demyelination, Neurology 2019; 93 (22): e2065–e2073. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000008551.

37. Manguinao M, Krysko KM, Maddike S et al. A retrospective cohort study of plasma exchange in central nervous system demyelinating events in children. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019; 35: 50–54. doi: 10.1016/ j.msard.2019.07.004.

38. Chang X, Zhang J, Shangru L et al. Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of relapse prevention therapy for myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 72: 104571. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104571.

39. Ringelstein M, Lindenblatt G, Fischer K et al. Interleukin-6 receptor blockade in treatment-refractory MOG-IgG-associated disease and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2022; 9 (1): e1100. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000001100.